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September. 2009 |
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The 2009th World Conference of WAPI (World Association of Professional Investigators) will be held in Birmingham, Britain on October 31, 2009. |
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Chinese Version of SBCS Data Search system has been completed and now in the process of internal testing. Meanwhile, it also gradually gets perfect in the aspect of worldwide searchable content and will begin test run next phase. |
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Recently, public security and traffic police departments of every place will strictly check drunk driving. Principal of Traffic Management Bureau of the Ministry of Public Security of P. R. China stated that they would be combined with China Insurance Regulatory Commission, China Banking Regulatory Commission and other departments to link drunk driving, vehicle insurance rate and banking individual credit system together, so any driver who was drunk driving or had caused grave accident for drunk driving would accept increased vehicle insurance rate and derogatory records in his individual banking credit records. |
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Beijing Vehicle Insurance Information Platform, established by Beijing Traffic Management Bureau and Beijing Insurance Regulatory Bureau, will have an automatic identification function. This system will alarm immediately when finding a car has suspicion of extorting or gaining insurance by cheating, while insurance department will promptly start detection and investigation measure, which can process monitoring and decide whether it has illegal behavior. |
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To improve service for facilitating people to place cases on file, People’s Court in Chaoyang District, Beijing added three extra case registration places in the detached tribunals respectively in Wenyuhe, Wangsiying and Asia Games Village to its headquarters’ original case registration hall and reception office of enforcement hall and four case registration places in the detached tribunals in Nanmofang, Jiuxian Bridge, Olympic Village and Shuangqiao. |
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Financial Risk Prevention in Small and Medium Enterprise
From the point of enterprise financial management need, enterprise risk generally divides into operation risk and financial risk. Operation risk is a kind of risk brought by uncertainty in the process of production operation, mainly from various aspects in self production cost, production techniques, sales price, market demands and external environment. Financial risk is a situation where enterprise’s financial result stays deviated from its financial goal. Many factors contribute to financial risk, which could make enterprise fail to achieve to its expected profit, thereby, produce the possibility of loss. Financial risk objectively exists in every aspect of enterprise’s financial management and influences a lot on its production operation.
Small enterprise’s financial risk includes two meanings: One is that financial leverage used in small enterprise leads it incapable of paying off its debts at deadline, which causes the enterprise to lose debt paying ability and falls into financial crisis and even bankruptcy. It appears at a special time when outflow of capital exceeds inflow creating capital financial risk that is incapable of paying debts plus interest. The other is more loan will fluctuate the earning of owner of small enterprise. When small enterprise’s earning margin before interest and tax drops or loan rate exceeds earning margin before interest and tax, the economic benefit of enterprise may go down due to the liability, while funds at the disposal of enterprise may fall faster, and even suffer losses.
Many factors can trigger financial risk in small enterprise, and the reason is not only from external, but also from enterprise itself. Overall, it mainly from the two aspects: One is enterprise could not accustom to the change of various and complicated economic environment, legal environment, market environment, sociocultural environment, resource environment and so on. The other is overlarge borrowing scale and improper liability structure.
Generally speaking, risk prevention in small enterprise should follow the principle of risk commensurate with the benefit and getting fund-raising structure stretch. Preventing and reducing financial risk is an important job for enterprise. Small enterprise should do the following work well for financial risk prevention:
1. Try to change uneven information, making benefit-bearer from both internal and external of enterprise get sufficient, up-to-date and real information. Uneven information is the root cause for producing financial risk. Small enterprise should put effort on improving the quality of information published from a microcosmic view. Because information quality influences heavily on the decisions, any fictitious information may mislead information users, who probably make wrong evaluation on the previous achievement of enterprise and a lapsed decision.
2. Carefully analyze financial macro environment and its changeable situation, and improve enterprise’s adaptability and strain capacity to accustom to various environment. To prevent financial risk, small enterprise should carefully and scientifically analyze the ever changing macro environment, should seize its variation tendency and rules and work out various emergency measures, and at the same time, should adjust policies and improve management methods in due time, which can enhance small enterprise’s adaptability and strain capacity to accustom to macro environment and reduce financial risk brought by environmental change.
3. Abide by financial management and control principle, promote scientific decisions, and avoid assume and dogmatism, all of which can prevent financial risk from occurring due to lapsed decisions.
4. Loaner should strengthen supervision after small enterprise takes loan. Source: chinarm. cn
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Foreign
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International Prevailing 17-code VIN
Getting vehicle’s year of manufacture is a necessary in the process of vehicle evaluation. It can obtain from Certificate of Merchandise and purchase receipt, but information on both of which may not be reliable. However, you can get vehicle’s year of manufacture and other information from the label plate of international prevailing 17-code Vehicle Identification Number (VIN).
Since 1981, 17-code VIN has gradually been used in auto factories of every country. One car matches one number, which has legal effectiveness and could not be used within 30 years. GM even adds bar code to origin identification number for computer identification and search. The17 codes are made up of digits and symbols as follows:
The first part: World manufactory identification code, which is composed by three codes. One represents geographic area, the second one represents country and the third one represents manufactory.
The second part: Vehicle declaration part, which is made up of 6 character codes. This part can identify the vehicle’s general character decided by each manufactory. You can get it from vehicle’s Instruction.
The third part: Vehicle’s indication part made up of 8 character codes, the last four of which should be digits. The first one represents year, the second one indicates assembly factory. From the third to the eighth represents production sequence number.
In these 17-code numbers, codes representing country and year of manufacture are prevailing in auto factories of each country.
Label plate of VIN is usually put at one certain part place of the vehicle. For example, label plate of VIN of American vehicle is put on the instrument panel at lower right corner of windshield. European countries and Japan usually put it in the vehicle’s dark place. Because each country doesn’t have united regulation, please refer to the Instruction for the place where label plate of VIN is put.
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